There are several types of uterine cancer, and they are distinguished by the part of the uterus they affect.  The uterus is a hollow female organ located within the pelvis, also known in layman’s terms as the womb. When a woman becomes pregnant, the uterus is the site of development for the baby until it is time to give birth.  You can think of the uterus as a hollowed out, upside-down pear. Types of uterine cancer include endometrial cancer and uterine sarcoma. Endometrial cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the innermost lining of the uterus, and sees abnormal changes in the surface cells of the endometrium.  Endometrial cancer is currently the most common female reproductive organ cancer.